Bullshit Index (BI)

A quantitative metric introduced by Liang, Hu, Zhao, Song, Griffiths & Fisac's 2025 paper "Machine Bullshit," operationalizing Frankfurt's "indifference to truth" as a measurable score over LLM outputs, distinct from existing hallucination-rate metrics in that it targets indifference-to-truth as its own construct rather than factual incorrectness. Met by this vault via claim-liang-hu-zhao-song-griffiths-fisac-2025-machine-bullshit-cites-frankfurt-hicks-but-not-citation-fabrication.

Logged as a watching stub rather than a full concept hub: it has appeared in exactly one paper in the vault so far. Worth revisiting if a second source adopts, cites, or contrasts itself against this metric.

References

• claim-liang-hu-zhao-song-griffiths-fisac-2025-machine-bullshit-cites-frankfurt-hicks-but-not-citation-fabrication
• Capture: 10-inbox/raw/2026-11-04-does-any-technical-ml-paper-on-citationreference-fabrication.md